A circular drystone building about 5 m in diameter. It was noted and mapped by Mirabella Roberti in 1977 and fully excavated in 2017.

The circular form had led people to think that it was a sheepfold. After the recent excavations, the most likely theory is that it is a post-medieval/modern structure built using rubble from Tower B which is located above it. It was perhaps used as a temporary shelter by shepherds in the area after the abandonment of the fortifications.

Tower B is built directly on the bedrock. It has a square plan and rubble core walls with rough schistose stones and a white-pink mortar. The interior was partly excavated in the 1970s: several photographs from Mirabella Roberti allow us to conclude that excavation inside the tower occurred in July 1977.

Mirabella Roberti refers to the recovery of a knife blade and a belt buckle during his brief excavation. These have, unfortunately, been lost. The excavations of the past few years have freed the tower from all the rubble that covered it. While we have not been able to identify the living floors within the tower we have discovered that the structure was built on top of a protohistoric cult site (see the Protohistoric Phase section).

Finds connected with the time that the tower was in use are a D-shaped buckle and a “grosso aquiline” or Adlergroschen – a coin – issued by Mainardo II and Alberto, counts of Gorizia-Tyrol, between 1259 and 1275. A large wooden beam – perhaps part of the stairway giving access to the tower – was also recovered. The 2017 field season also identified an area associated with the construction of the tower: just to the northeast of the tower there is a zone of compacted mortar.

This area, known locally as Sagrà di Pagà, is located at the lower end of the fortified complex. It was partially excavated in 1976 and two small trenches were excavated in 2014 and 2015.

The excavations revealed a small stone structure and an accumulation of stones mixed with earth, probably debris fallen from Tower B above. Three objects were recovered – two knife blades and a leather purse – that also most likely originated in Tower B above and fell down the slope.

A small quadrangular building with relatively crude drystone walls.

It is located part way down the slope to the south of Structure E and was given its name in 1977. The structure was excavated in 2016 but no finds were made which makes dating difficult. The structure is perhaps a post-medieval/modern building  – used by the shepherds who exploit the summer pastures – that was built using rubble fallen from Structure E.

Structure E, at the highest point of the site, is the largest and in some ways most complex. It contains Tower G, Rooms H and L and Area I. These zones fall within a boundary wall made up of different sections.

The northern segment of the wall is made of irregular schistose stones of diverse dimensions, laid in a relatively regular way and mortared. The western section is also built of schistose stones but they are larger and more irregular compared to those of the north wall and they are laid without mortar. The southern part of the boundary wall is built similarly to the western segment. In the southern part we can see a gap that has been interpreted as the gateway to the interior of Structure E. The building was occupied, on the basis if finds from the excavations, in the period between the late 13th century and the 14th century.

A rectangular building divided into two similar sized rooms and constructed of simple drystone walls. It is located halfway down the eastern slope from Structure E and was named Structure F in 1977.

The structure was excavated in 2016 and produced a modern key in one of the interior use floors. The excavation also produced many carpentry nails with L-shaped heads, blacksmith’s nails and a D-shaped buckle – all out of context and similar to finds from Structure E. These finds support the idea that Structure F was built with stones that had slid down the slope from the collapsed Structure E.

This structure was not identified during the 1970s excavations and constitutes the first discovery of these more recent excavations.

The tower is located at the highest point of Structure E, on the rocky outcrop descending from Mount Bles. It has a square plan and was built of relatively large shaped blocks of schistose rock laid directly on the bedrock. The walls are mortared and built according to the rubble core method. The base is completely covered by a level of small schistose stones (without any binder) and the natural rock – this would have formed the foundation for the internal floor, of which no trace remains.

This is one of the rooms found within Structure E. It has a trapezoidal plan with a beaten earth living floor. The walls were built into a cut made into the natural slope just downhill from Tower G: the construction technique is of good quality and resembles that of the northern wall of Structure E.

In the north wall there is a niche that one might interpret as a candle-holder: the remains of a candle were, in fact, found nearby. In the southwestern corner there is a large schistose stone laid flat, which makes one think of a doorstep.

The living floor of area H yielded several important finds: an iron key for a piece of furniture (chest etc.), a coin from the Comune of Cremona (1254-1300), a bone die, two large stone beads along with a spherical one in silver alloy – these latter could be interpreted as buttons.

Area I is found just to the west of Area H. It has a rectangular plan, occupies a cut into the slope on the north side and sits on a rocky outcrop.

In the centre there is a large hearth made up of flat stones. At the hearth, there is an area of earth that has been deeply scorched by the fire, while all around there is a thick carbonaceous layer that is rich with animal remains (from meals). The layer also yielded a small piece of soapstone, small studs for a belt, fragments of a glass beaker and two coins: a low denomination coin issued by Raimondo della Torre, Patriarch of Aquileia (1277-1281) and a low denomination coin issued by the Comune of Padua (pre-1260 to 1318).

The only bounding feature identified is that along the north side: a wall of stones and wood that could be interpreted as a sort of revetment against the slope. There is at least one post hole with stone lining near the hearth that suggests either the presence of a wooden roof or a structure to suspend cooking vessels over the fire. It thus seems reasonable to consider the area a courtyard.

Room L is located immediately to the south of Area I. The perimeter wall survives in parts in the form of foundations but the rest has been lost to the collapse of Structure E and the effects of water running down the steep slope.

Within the building, there is a fill of earth with a large organic component distributed across several strata mixed with stones. This allows us to interpret the room as a small stable – the presence of many horseshoe nails also supports this position.